Tuesday, 11 March 2008

Identifying common building timbers

Identifying frequently used building timbers can help in the specification of repairs and refurbishment works. By identifying timber species the types and patterns of fungal decay and insect damage, or the risk of such, can be can be correctly diagnosed. The following small samples were cut transversely (across the tree) and finished with fine-grade emery paper.

Oak, above, is a ring porous wood with visible vessels or pores that are formed at the start of every growth season. The vessels get progressively smaller as the growth season progresses. Another diagnostic feature of oak are the distinctive medullary rays that run across the trunk.




Elm, above, is also a ring porous wood. In this case the latewood vessels are uniform in size with an arrangement of latewood vessels that run parallel with the growth rings and have a wavy appearance. Elm, particularly, seems to suffer from furniture beetle damage.



Scots pine has a more consistent structure. The characteristic dark growth rings are high-density smaller cells laid down at the end of the growth season. The early wood cells are larger and the contents appear lighter.

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